tensions , this does not automatically lead to even-handed responsiveness by the security forces . It takes time to create a system “ where ethnic background no longer plays a factor determining whose needs will be addressed and who will receive service ” ( Derks-Normandin , p . 20 ). Most Kosovar officers in the Kosovo Police ended up working within their own ethnic communities , due in part to difficulties that arose for Kosovo Serbian officers to work in Kosovo Albanian neighborhoods and vice versa . For example , in at least one case , Serbian Kosovo police officers refused to intervene when Kosovo Albanian IDP properties were damaged and occupants harassed .
In 2006 , there was an Internal Security Sector Review ( ISSR ) led by the international community which included community input to promote Kosovar institutions as multi-ethnic , representative of various groups in Kosovar society . “ If the security sector is to be perceived as effective and legitimate , it needs to be aligned with the security and justice needs of the population ” ( Derks-Normandin , p . 14 ). The input from the ISSR affected reforms that were implemented over the next six years . This was especially successful in terms of the Kosovar Police . The process itself was designed for inclusivity , managed by a broad committee of Kosovar authorities , political leaders and those in the international community , seeking out perspectives of minorities and vulnerable groups ( which would include IDPs ) through focus groups , hotlines , and a traveling “ Have-Your-Say ” bus . Unfortunately , the review that followed the original ISSR was much less effective ; in 2012 , the Strategic Security Sector Review ( SSSR ) took place , but it lost its inclusivity and transparency in the process . The initial process and reforms under the ISSR in 2006 , however , were enough to build trust / legitimacy in police and the security sector for many of the returning IDPs .
“ When displaced people trust that the security and justice institutions guarantee their safety and access to justice , these institutions contribute to durable solutions for their displacement . [… T ] hey are more likely to return to their original communities or to integrate into the communities in which they have settled when they feel confident not only that they will be safe but that there are effective institutions that guarantee their safety . Therefore , to the extent that SSR contributes to the creation of trust in and legitimacy of the security and justice sectors among the entire population , including IDPs , it can also be considered as a contribution to durable solutions to situations of displacement . Such trust and legitimacy derives from justice and security institutions ’ effectiveness and efficiency in maintaining public safety , addressing crime and resolving disputes , as well as from their inclusivity , responsiveness to all societal groups and accountability ( for future as well as past wrongs ),” ( Derks-Normandin , p . 17 ).
Recommendation .
For Security Sector Reform ( SSR ) to contribute to durable solutions needed to resettle IDPs , it is recommended to :
Table of Contents | Quick Look | Contact PKSOI Page 45 of 58