Popular Culture Review Vol. 24, No. 1, Winter 2013 | Page 68

64 Populär Culture Review Queux routinely recorded disruptions to the hitherto secure world of the English upper middle dass establishment and the lower strata of the aristocracy (which for Le Queux stood as the repository of what was decent, moral, and honorable in the English character). Eventually, the threat would be fended off, the mystery unraveled, the malefactor unmasked and brought to book, and the social Status quo ante restored and justified, shaken but none the worse. On the face of it, this was an essentially conservative and an often reactionary agenda. Sensational, melodramatic, sentimental (and blatantly sexist), this became the tried and tested formula that made Le Queux a household name with his middlebrow readership and established a wide and enduring reading community (Pittard). At the same time, in the process, the novels often grappled with the tensions created by the late Victorian “crisis of masculinity” and the fin-de-siecle gender debates. Through a masculinizing agenda, the male protagonist or protagonists (usually of an approved dass and social pedigree) display perseverance, courage, and intuition in solving an enigma which has threatened a calamitous collapse of order, control, and stability. In this Standard scenario, the protagonist—with his allies, if any—becomes identified with a normative and hegemonic masculinity, while other male flgures (who are sometimes actually pillars of the upper-bourgeois establishment, as in The Seven Secrets) may become deviant and disruptive expressions of an aberrant masculinity and moral bankruptcy that must be rooted out and expunged. So, although the typical Le Queux mystery would always be resolved comfortingly with the Edwardian Status quo and its values valorized and rescued from chaos (the necessary and common ideological expectation of his reading community), it was also unavoidably part of a more generalized nostalgia for a declining social order and would often not conclude without having examined related issues (in The Seven Secrets, for example, the questions of public versus private heroism and individualized idealistic leadership versus the institutionalized). The social milieu of The Seven Secrets is predominantly upper-bourgeois and Professional, and the events take place mainly in grand London houses, Harley Street Consulting rooms, fine old country mansions, and the flrst-class compartme