Popular Culture Review Vol. 23, No. 1, Winter 2012 | Page 81

Leisure Studies 77 • The compelling complaint that “outcomes” related to Positive Psychology is being and has been marketed beyond what can be legitimately supported by “the science” can hardly be disputed. However, by whom has it been sold in this way? Academic journals do legitimately insulate activity from the commercial market place. However, when speaker’s fees are correlated with publication history, there is the suggestion of segue from “publish or perish” to “publish and profit.” • On occasion, it is pointed out that specific research exists that contradicts earlier widely reported findings. In a certain sense, that the base of the research program is broad, including occasional frankly contradictory publications sustains rather than nullifies the process of seeking understanding in this domain. After all, that’s the process of Baconian science: test, retest, and correct. Anyway, The New York Times has reported on new information carried in the journal of Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. According to the journalist, “those who meditated for about 30 minutes a day for eight weeks had measurable changes in gray-matter density in parts of the brain associated with memory, sense of self, empathy, and stress” (Bhanoo, NYT, 2011). Adherents have long described anecdotal benefits of meditation. Syndya Bhanoo in her story. How Meditation May Change the Brain (2011) explains that “previous studies have also shown that there are structural differences between the brains of mediators and those who don’t meditate, although this new study [in Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging] is the first to document changes in gray matter over time through meditation” (Bhanoo, NYT, 2011). Still, David Eagleman, head of the Laboratory for Perception and Action at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston has pointed out bluntly in an interview that “the assumption that all brains have the same capacities is charitable but demonstrably false” (Slate, May 7 2011). Perhaps leisure should be defined in some ways after the manner we define tourism: the primary characteristic being possession of the resources which allow actual participation in the thing itself The middle way is a path of moderation between the extremes of selfindulgence and self-mortification (indeed, the balance between such polarities as are available). It is a telling detail that a woman (or, in some versions of the folkloric narrative, a girl) had the good sense to bring food and drink—what I will always consider to be markers of domestic happiness—into Siddhartha’s thoughtful orbit of contemplation. That w&VB6