Popular Culture Review Vol. 22, No. 1, Winter 2011 | Page 44

40 Popular Culture Review Humbert becomes an artist rather than a pervert and the girl becomes an accomplice. These terms used to describe Lolita are not only possessive but they also indicate a kind of free will Humbert is trying to impress on our view of his captive. She is magic, ephemeral, a vision, and a grown-up. Nabokov creates the virginal child as an empty vessel and then fills her up with a degenerate’s vision. And for her part, without assistance, Lolita must learn, on the fly, how to use the language of the man who would unmake her. She is not real to her rapist, not a reproductive entity but the dead end dream of a nightmaring man who seeks stasis. He creates a dead zone separate from life where the rules and expectations of maturity and morality that he cannot accept do not exist. Except that Lolita is a growing girl and does transform. Humbert cannot see her as a whole human being. Lolita is a game to Humbert, and to his joy (as long as it is a game there are no ramifications) and dismay (she learns to resist according to the rules) she learns to play. But because the game is never between peers, she is only allowed an impression of power. Remember that this story starts with an impression of a caged ape. Humbert says Lolita negotiates the price of sexual favors in order to create the impression that she is getting a fair shake. “. . . she took advantage,” he says. When the specified allowance paid on the account that she fulfills “her basic obligations,” does not suit her, he says, “She was . . . not easy to deal with. Only very listlessly did she earn her three pennies” (Nabokov, 2986-94). But kidnapped and carried from hotel to hotel, Lolita cannot overcome her captor physically. All she has at hand is a studied resistance. She can throw tantrums, she can bargain, she can threaten to scream, she can make friends outside her corrupt family circle, and she can try to make her captor pay. It is a strategy similar to that used by POWs trying to retain their identities and maintain their will to live in situations where they were powerless and abused. Nabokov gives us a girl fighting erasure, and he reaches for literary fellows to craft this struggle, men also captivated by the trapped girl. Annabel Lee is the lost love that Humbert says drives him to perversion, Poe’s lost love. Lolita is described as pitiful and entrancing. In addition to the many textual references to Poe’s works there are also references to Flaubert, Proust, Rabelais, Baudelaire, and Balzac, to name a few. This is a work in conversation with other men (and their readers) about masculine fears of passions that power a desire to offend. It is a lecture about the hatred of the object of desire that seems to lie at the root of the male imaginations that foster this paragon of helplessness. Most of the writers referred to in this work are also famous for social observation. Many of them claimed that they only reflected real world values in their works. And it is telling that every adult female in Lolita, except for our heroine and her nymphet friends, are fiercely ugly and demanding crones. They are fat, clumsy, mediocre, hopelessly unattractive, sluttish, and worn out. Lolita’s mother is harping and Humbert’s first wife is dumb, according to him. He cannot shape a grown woman to his desires because she has a full will and identity of her own and in Humbert’s distorted view this makes her ugly. A woman is out of place on the sandy shores and bright beautiful islands Humbert imagines for Lolita because