Generating Anthropological and Archeological Hypotheses in Okinawa through Agent-Based Simulation
Marriage Rule : A new agent ( child ) was created ( born ) by the marriage of a male and a female agent . The male agent was married to a female agent selected randomly from all of the female agents within three surrounding cells . Furthermore , a new agent was created according to the population growth rate of the mother agent ’ s food production system and at the same spatial placement as that of the mother agent . The sex of the new agent was allocated according to a 50 % probability of being male , along with a life expectancy and age of 0 . For the trait gene , as previously explained , the new agent inherited either of the father agent ’ s alleles and either of the mother agent ’ s alleles . Additionally , the new agent inherited the food production system and the marriage institution from their father agent , and the pottery style and mtDNA haplogroup from their mother agent . Moreover , as mentioned above , the male agent could be simultaneously married to three female agents only when associated with both the polygamous and agriculture variables .
Moving Rule : Within each step , an agent moved one cell in random directions within the simulated space .
2.5 Initialization
Time Span of the Simulation : The time span of our simulation was 400 years ( 400 steps ), extending from the beginning era to the final era of Gusuku period .
Population Growth Rate based on the Food Production System : The population growth rate of agriculturalists was higher than that of hunters and gatherers . As mentioned above , there are seven times more ruins in the Gusuku period than in the Shell midden period , an antecedent of the Gusuku period ( Takamiya , 2002 ), that is , it is thought that the population also increased in the Gusuku period at the same rate of increase . Considering these evidences , working backward from a sevenfold increase in the population over 400 years , we assumed that the increase in the agricultural population was 0.6 % per year . Conversely , considering that the growth rate of the agriculturalist population had not increased during the Shell midden period , we assumed that the growth rate of the hunter – gatherer population was 0.0 % per year .
Speed of the Diffusion of Agriculture : The speed of diffusion of agriculture in our simulation model comprised the range of cells associated
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