International Journal of Indonesian Studies Volume 1, Issue 3 | Page 89

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN STUDIES
SPRING 2016
This figure illustrates the distance between Soe, Nusa, Supul and Boti. Through the study, a
pattern was found in which the villages further from the core city were considered more
traditional and less influenced by both modernization and often also less influenced by
government policies.
In accordance with the mandate of the National Constitution of the Republic of
Indonesia, the government has introduced a number of programs with the stated purpose
of providing quality health services to all of its citizens. Consequently, over the past four
decades the Indonesian health care system has rapidly expanded (Utomo, 2011). With a
large number of government programs with multiple purposes: for community welfare,
political gain and standardization for unification of the diverse archipelago; a table can be
useful in displaying these programs chronologically. It is useful to analyze these programs in
sequence and their progress overall rather than analyzing them disjointedly and individually
(see appendix 4.1).
It is also important to recognize the context of these various government
interventions. Most of these programs have taken place within the Revolusi Kesehatan Ibu
dan Anak or the Revolution in Maternal and Neonatal Health, as well as the transformation
of bureaucracy and reformation of health clinics in Indonesia (Pandie 2009). Various case
studies indicate that even in the light of the Revolution of Maternal and Child Health,
conditions remain difficult: See Dopo (2012), Lengo (2011)21
In the wider context these programs have been implemented amidst a backdrop of
the global development agenda – the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). Given the
wider context, it becomes clear through the observations at the village level, that TTS is now
experiencing a transitionary phase. The government’s policies and programs have imposed a
modernization of health practices over these villages. As a result, mothers who were giving
birth in ume kbubu 20-30 years ago are now giving birth in hospitals. Mothers following the
strict dukun rules of panggang religiously 5-10 years ago now refer much less frequently to
dukun and on