Global Security and Intelligence Studies Volume 2, Issue 1, Fall 2016 | Page 105

Is China Playing a Contradictory Role in Africa? and peace-building, contradicted by the proliferation of light and inexpensive weapons implicated in some of the most serious cases of bloodletting on the continent. It could be argued that as China widens its engagement with African states it will continue to consolidate military agreements, and engage in more arms transfers on a continent that already has a strong potential for the eruption of more conflicts related a combination of gross inequalities, ethnic rivalry and diversity, and the absence of the rule of law, as well as a strong culture of coups, civil wars, and other forms of civil strife. While it is true that China is not the only great power supplying weapons to African states, the affordability of Chinese weapons enables protracted African wars, and their continued proliferation within the continent. This is more likely to be the case in both the near and distant future because China often does not adhere to UN arms embargoes, sanctions against African states, or their diplomatic isolation. Its preoccupation to consolidate its diplomatic ties, and strengthen its partnerships with African states means it often takes an approach different from those of Western states. References Agubamah, Edgar. 2014. “China and Peacekeeping in Africa.” International Journal of Humanitarian and Social Science 14 (11 pp.193-197. ). Alessi, Christopher, and Beina Xu. 2015. “China in Africa.” CFR Backgrounds. www. cfr.org/china/china-africa/p9557 (accessed August 15, 2016). Amnesty International on Darfur. 2012. “Sudan: No End to Violence in Darfur.” http://www.amnestyusa.org/research/reports/sudan-no-end-to-violence-in-darfur (accessed August 15, 2016). Baah, Anthony Y., and Herbert Jauch, eds. 2009. “Chinese Investments in Africa: A Labour Perspective.” African Labour Research Network, May 2009. www.cebri.org/ midia/documents/315.pdf Baker, Benjamin D. 2015. “Chinese Arms Companies are Picking up the Pace in Africa and the Middle East.” The Diplomat. www.thediplomat.com/2015/Chinese-armscompanies-are-picking-up-the pace-in-africa-and-the-middle-east (accessed August 15, 2016). Bitzinger, Richard A. 1991. Chinese Arms Production and Sales to the Third World. Santa Monica, CA: Rand. Caldwell, Mark. 2015. SIPRI: “China’s Arms Trade with Africa at Times Questionable.” www.dw.com/en/sipri-chinas-arms-trade-with-africa-at-timesquestionable/a-18319346 (accessed August 15, 2016). 99