GeminiFocus December 2012 | Page 17

Richard McDermid and Tim Davis Jets from AGN Quench Star Formation in Shocking Ways Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph Integral field unit observations of the nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 1266 have shed light on a mysterious process that quenches star formation in galaxies. The data reveal how jets from an active galactic nucleus can shock and disrupt the interstellar medium, driving gas from the galaxy and exhausting the fuel necessary to create new stars. Figure 1. Although galaxies come in all sizes and shapes, their colors appear strongly bimodal. Active star-forming galaxies have blue optical colors because bright young stars abound in their disks. On the opposite end of the spectrum, red light from cooler old stars tend to dominate the more quiescent systems. It is not, however, a uniform distribution from one color class to the other. In a diagram of galaxy color versus total galaxy brightness, we see not only a ”blue cloud” of star-forming galaxies at one end, and a tight ”red sequence” of quiescent objects at the other, but also what’s known as a ”green valley” of less numerous transition objects in between. B–V and R-band composite three-color image of lenticular galaxy NGC 1266. The white bar shows a linear scale of 1 kiloparsec; 65.94 arcseconds at an adopted distance of 29.9 Mpc. Overlaid is the total field-of-view of SAURON IFU (red) and GMOS IFU (blue) observations. Image credit: SINGS Survey This strongly bimodal color distribution wouldn’t appear so pronounced if blue-cloud galaxies are left to consume their gas via star formation and redden naturally. The color bimodality therefore implies that some galactic-scale process must actively quench star formation, removing its fuel from the environment in one violent episode. December2012 GeminiFocus 17