attoPUBLICATIONS FPS Sensor Systems | Page 16

Selected Measurements unsurpassed signal stability Measured Long-Term Signal Stability working distance [mm] 2σ [nm] 20 0.286 50 0.530 100 1.035 Measured Short-Term Signal Stability working distance [mm] 2σ [nm] 30 0.039 Long-term FPS signal stability as demonstrated on a 20 mm long Titanium vacuum reference cavity. The cavity is cooled to liquid helium temperature (-269 °C) in order to minimize thermal expansion/contraction. 68% of all position measurement data points lie within 286 pm, as measured at a 100 Hz bandwidth over 12 hrs. Short -term data are recorded at 10 Hz over 10 seconds. Long-term picometer stability The intrinsic position signal stability of the FPS sensor is unsur- passed - making it challenging to demonstrate the performance of FPS sensors with standard tools and equipment. The measurements shown above were therefore recorded on an evacuated reference cav- ity with a relative length stability Δl/l well below 10 -8 . This stability was achieved by temperature stabilizing the titanium cavity within few mK at liquid helium temperature (-269 °C). Due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion at said temperature, the titanium cavity provides a reference in length approximately 10 times more stable than a corresponding ultra-low-expansion glass (ULE) cavity at ambient conditions. The plot shows position sensing data recorded on a 20 mm long cavity during a 12 hour period of time. The bandwidth of the measurement was 100 Hz. (attocube applications labs, 2012)