Ending Hunger in America, 2014 Hunger Report Full Report | Page 214

Comprehensive African Agriculture
Development Program (CAADP):
A framework agreed on by African
countries that represents their
collective vision of agriculture’s
central importance to poverty
reduction and economic
development.
Congressional Budget Office (CBO):
A nonpartisan agency that produces
independent analyses of budgetary
and economic issues to support the
Congressional budget process.
Developed countries: Highly
industrialized nations such as the
United States, Great Britain, France,
Germany and Japan; also referred to
as high-income.
Developing countries: These
include low- and middle-income
countries, where extreme poverty
and hardship are common.
Development assistance: Grants
and loans to developing countries
by donors to spur economic
development and poverty reduction.
Domestic work: Usually entails
child care or care for the elderly or
disabled, and may include other
household tasks, and/or upkeep of
a home on a regular basis in return
for wages or other benefits.
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC):
A federal government program that
provides a cash benefit to many lowincome working people by refunding
a portion of their income taxes.
Economic mobility: The ability
to alter one’s economic outcome
positively or negatively during one’s
lifetime or across generations.
Employee Free Choice Act:
Proposed federal legislation
204?Glossary

n

Bread for the World Institute

that would amend the National
Labor Relations Act to establish
an efficient system to enable
employees to form a union.

managing the nation’s monetary
policy. Its main responsibilities are
to ensure maximum employment
and hold down inflation.

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA):
The 1938 law establishing minimum
wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping,
and child labor standards affecting
full-time and part-time workers in
the private sector and in federal,
state, and local governments.

Feed the Future: The U.S.
government’s global hunger and
food security initiative, through
which the United States works with
host governments, development
partners, and other stakeholders to
sustainably tackle the root causes of
global poverty and hunger.

Family and Medical Leave Act
(FMLA): Eligible employees are
permitted to take up to 12 weeks
of unpaid, job-protected leave
for specified family and medical
reasons, such as for the birth of a
child and to care for a newborn.
Famine Early Warning System
Network (FEWSNET): A U.S.
government funded activity in
collaboration with international,
regional and national partners to
provide timely and rigorous early
warning on emerging food security
issues.
Farm bill: A multi-year, omnibus
law that contains federal commodity
and farm support policies, as well as
other farm-related provisions, such
as rural development, conservation,
agricultural research, food aid and
nutrition programs.
Federal nutrition programs:
Programs run by the Food and
Nutrition Service of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture to provide
children and low-income people
access to food, a healthful diet, and
nutrition education.
Federal Reserve: The central
bank of the United States and the
government institution charged with

Feeding America: The largest
hunger-relief charity in the United
States, serving as an umbrella
organization for a national network
of food banks.
Fiscal policy: Refers to government
policy that involves changing levels
of taxation and public spending
in order to influence the level of
economic activity.
Food bank: A charitable organization
that solicits, receives, inventories,
stores and distributes food and
grocery products from various
sources to charitable organizations. 
Food desert: An urban
neighborhood or rural town lacking
good access to fresh, healthy, and
affordable food.
Food insecurity: Uncertain
availability or inability to acquire
safe, nutritious food in socially
acceptable ways.
Food security: Assured access to
enough nutritious food to sustain an
active and healthy life with dignity.
Full employment: When everyone
willing and able to work can find a
job. Full employment does not mean
everyone of working age is employed.
Some people voluntarily take them-