Briefing Papers Number 22, September 2013 | Page 11

Recommendations

• A post-2015 global development framework should
explicitly support good governance, effective leadership,
citizen participation, and the institutions that make
them possible.
• Investments in smallholder farmers, particularly
women and girls, should focus on their economic
empowerment and enable them to improve their
practices and productivity.

• The United States should use its leadership to leverage
support for the adoption of a unified set of global
development goals.
• The post-2015 development framework should
include a stand-alone universal goal of achieving
food security and good nutrition for all. The goal
should be achieved through country-developed and
country-led plans focused on smallholder farmers
and on improved local technical and institutional
capacities.

Endnotes
1

World Bank (2008), World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for
Development. Available from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDR2008/Resources/2795087-1192111580172/WDROver2008ENG.pdf.

2

IFAD Rural Poverty Report. Available from http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/Y6265e/y6265e03.htm

3 World Food Program. “Hunger.” Available at http://www.wfp.org/hunger.
4

World Bank Blog- Africa Can End Poverty. Available from http://blogs.
worldbank.org/africacan/is-tanzania-s-economic-growth-an-urban-phenomenon.

5

World Bank. 2013. State of the Poor. Where are the Poor and where are
they Poorest? Available from http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/
Worldbank/document/State_of_the_poor_paper_April17.pdf

6 U.N Department of Social and Economic Affairs. Available from http://

www.un.org/esa/population/publications/longrange2/WorldPop2300final.pdf
7 World Bank. 2011. Missing Food: The Case of Postharvest Grain Losses

in Sub-Saharan Africa. Available from siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/.../MissingFoods10_web.pdf
8 OECD Accessed from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/Re-

sources/MissingFoods10_web.pdf
9

FAO and ILO (International Labor Organization). 2010. FAQs: Some
Selected Issues: Pathways out of Poverty. Available from http://www.faoilo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/fao_ilo/pdf/FAQs/Main_issues_2_.pdf.

10 IFPRI. 2013. Global Food Policy Report. Available from http://www.
ifpri.org/event/launch-ifpri-s-2012-global-food-policy-report
11

End Poverty 2015 Millennium Campaign. Available from http://endpoverty.somepulp.com/women

12

IFPRI. Available from http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/oc69ch16.pdf
13

The Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) is a composite measurement tool that indicates women’s control over critical parts
of their lives in the household, community, and economy. It allows us to
identify women who are disempowered and understand how to increase
autonomy and decision-making in key domains. The WEAI is also a useful tool for tracking progress toward gender equality, which is one of the
Millennium Development Goals.
14

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Available

www.bread.org

from http://www.unocha.org/top-stories/all-stories/sahel-16-billion-appealaddress-widespread-humanitarian-crisis.
15  http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/En-

ergy,%20Environment%20and%20Development/0413r_earlywarnings_
es.pdf
16 World Bank. 2013. State of the Poor. Where are the Poor and where are

they Poorest? Available from http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/
Worldbank/document/State_of_the_poor_paper_April17.pdf
17 U.N Department of Social and Economic Affairs. Available from http://

www.un.org/esa/population/publications/longrange2/WorldPop2300final.pdf
18 World Bank. 2011. Missing Food: The Case of Postharvest Grain Losses

in Sub-Saharan Africa. Available from siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/.../MissingFoods10_web.pdf
19

OECD Accessed from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/
Resources/MissingFoods10_web.pdf

20

FAO and ILO (International Labor Organization). 2010. FAQs: Some
Selected Issues: Pathways out of Poverty. Available from http://www.faoilo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/fao_ilo/pdf/FAQs/Main_issues_2_.pdf.

21

IFPRI. 2013. Global Food Policy Report. Available from http://www.
ifpri.org/event/launch-ifpri-s-2012-global-food-policy-report
22

End Poverty 2015 Millennium Campaign. Available from http://endpoverty.somepulp.com/women

23 IFPRI. Available from http://www.ifpri.or